Electric elevator.



No. 689,683. Patented Dec. 24,'|9o|.

w. moons. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

(Application fllad Tune 17, 1901.)

7 (No Model.) I

3 Sheets--Shest I.

TNE nonms Prrzns cu" FHDYO-L|THD.. WASHINGTON. o. c.

Pacen'fed Dec. 24, 190T.

J. w. MOORE.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

(Application filed June 17, 1 901.)

3 Shqet-Sheat 2.

(No Model.)

THE uonqls PEYER$|C1 mom-mum WASHINGTON. h. c.

Patented Dec. 24, 190i. .1. w. moomz, ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

, (Applicationflled June 1-2, 1901. (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Nrrnn STATES:

PATENT @rrrcs.

JOSEPH w. Moons, F NEWTON HIGHLANDS, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC ELEVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 689,683, dated.December 24, 1901.

Application filed June 17, 1901.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH \V. MOORE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newton Highlands, county of Middlesex, State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Electric Elevators, ofwhich the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like letters and numerals on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

My invention is an improvement in electric elevators, hoists, and thelike, and relates more particularly to the devices and connections forstarting, controlling,and stopping the elevator.

My invention has for its leading object the provision of simple andeconomical means for applying maximum power for starting purposes, andthen when once started properly accelerating the speed according to theload, and also when it is desired to stop the elevator quickly reducingthe speed independently of the load and stopping without shock or dangerto the apparatus or passengers.

My invention also includes a complete system of manual control incombination with automatic control operating independently of theoperator on approaching the limits of travel, together with automaticmeans for keeping the current within the limits of safety of theapparatus and for increasing the torque of the armature.

The speed control of my invention is obtained by varying the fieldstrength of the motor and by controlling the potential ofthearmature-circuit by means of'arheostat working in harmony with the fieldcontrol, as will be more fully setforth presently.

The varions'details of construction, wiring, 850., will be more fullypointed out in the course of the following description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings,

. which illustrate preferred embodiments of my invention, and the latterwill be more particularly defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents my invention diagrammatically.-Fig. 2 shows in side elevation sufiicient details of the hoistingmechanism and connected parts to enable the invention to beunderstood.Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the hoisting mechanism. Fig. 4 is anenlarged front elevation of oneform of Serial No. 64,824. (No model.)

automatic controller. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing aslightly-modified form of apparatus. Fig. 6 is adiagrammatic viewillustrating a further modification; and Fig. 7 is a top plan view,partly broken out, showing a detail of Fig. 5.

For purposes of illustration 1 have indicated my invention as appliedtoaworm and wormwheel elevator, (best shown in Figs..2 and 3,) in whichany usual cage or elevator A is suspended by a cable or cables a,passing over direction-pulleys 0b a to a drum a mounted on and-driven bya shaft a by means of a worm-Wheel a and worm 01, on a shaft a",connected by a'combined coupling and brakewheel B to a motor 0, theelevator being counterbalanced inusual manner by the weight a,connected'over a'pulley a with the'drum a Referring now to Fig. 1, inwhich the gen- 1 eral planof wiring and arrangement of parts isindicated diagrammatically, I have indicated a manual controlling deviceor handlever d, which may be located as desired on the car, at the motoror elsewhere, and serves to make and break connections between the mainsl 2 and the motor 0, main switch D,= automatic controller E,reversing-switch F, rheostat G, and automatic safety-switch H, all ofwhich are shown as employed in the complete system exhibited in Fig. 1,although, as will be explained later, certain of these parts for somepurposes maybe omitted and various changes made within my invention.

The hand-lever d is provided with brushes or contact-makers (1 d, whichcooperate with suitable contacts 3 to 16, inclusive, and from thesecontactssuitable connections are made 'to the various parts, a wire 17connecting by a branch 18 with one of the switch solenoids f of theswitch "F and by another branch 19 with a contact 26 for a switch knifeor lever e of the automatic switch, the branch 18 connecting from thesolenoid fto a contact 20 and thence by a bar 21 of the upper portion fof the reversing-switchto a contact 22 and by aiwire 23 to a contact 24and a wire-25 to the main 2. The branch 19 connects with a contact 26through the lever e, as stated, with a wire 27, from which a branch 28leads to a solenoidgof the rheostat G, and from .said solenoid a wire 29connects at 30 with a wire 31, which leads to the contact 9 of themanual switch. The latter, through its brush cl, connects when moved tothe right, Fig. 1, with a wire 32, leading to the safety-switch H andnormally making connection through the lever h of the latter with acontact 33 and wire 34 to a pivoted contact-knife e of the automaticswitch E. The latter when in the position shown in Fig. 1, in which theelevator is at the bottom of its travel, connects with a contact 35,from which a wire 36 leads to a point 37, where it unites with the mainarmature-circuit leading across the switch F at the contacts 38 39 whenjoined by a'contact-maker f of the switch, and thence by wires 40 41 tothe armature c of the motor. From the latter the current is conducted bywire 42 in series with the safety-switch actuator, shown as a solenoidh, to a wire 43 and back across the reversing-switch by contacts 44 45and contact-maker f to the main 2 by means of a conductor 46. The mainswitch D is operated as a result of the current passing through thesolenoid g of the rheostat G, the lifting of whose core g raises the armg thereof against a spring 47, thereby bringing a contact-maker 48 intoconnection with the contact 49 and completing the circuit from theconductor 27 to a wire 50, secured at 51 to the solenoid (Z of theswitch D, the opposite end thereof having connection 52 with the mainline, thereby instantly raising the core d and closing the switch, whosearms 61 d complete the circuit between the mains by means of theconductors 52 and 46, the former through the contact-maker d andcontacts 53 54 connecting with a wire 55 to the rheostat-lever 9 which,it will be remembered, is in raised position in connection with theupper contact g thereof, and thence through the resistance to a wire 56,and thence at the point 37across thereversingswitch at 38 39 and to thearmature through the wires 40 41, and thence back through thesafety-switch and wire 43, &c., to the main. It will thus be seen thatthe exciter-circuit for the rheostat-solenoid and also the mainarmature-circuit both pass through the armature across the contacts 3839 of the reversingswitch and return across the contacts 44 45 of saidswitch. In the same manner the exciting-current of the rheostat-solenoidpasses across the reversing-switch between contacts 57 58 when theswitch F is reversed, and thence through the wire 59, safety-switchsolenoid h, and wire 42 in an opposite direction through the armatu reand back over the wires 41 40 across the reversing-switch by thecontacts 60 GL and wires 62 and- 46 to the main, it being understoodthat the contact-makers f f of the reversing-switch properly connect thecontacts when actuated by their solenoid f energized by current from thewire 63. So, likewise, the main switch D is operated by current from thewire 63 in the same manner that it was previously operated by curnowsupposed, is connected with the lever e, which completes the circuit tothe switch D in the same manner as already described in connection withcontact 26. The reversingswitch and connections having been properlyoperated either in one direction or the other and the main switch Dhaving been accordingly closed, the field-current of the motor passesfrom the main across the contacts 53 54 by the contact-maker d of theswitch D to a wire 66 to the field-winding at 67, where it divides intotwo windings, one of which, 0, .leads directly back to the main by awire 68 across the contacts 69 7O bythe con tact-maker d of the mainswitch. The other branch 0 of the field-winding connects at 30 with thewire 31, already mentioned,and thence through the hand-operated switchback by the wire 32 and safety-switch H, contact 33, wire 34, and 1ever6, contact 35, wire 36, contacts 38 39, wires 40 41, through thearmature, and back to the main over the wires 42 43, contacts 44 45, andwire 46, thus placing the field-winding c in series with the armature,although not with the main armature-circuit.

Simultaneously with the operating of the main switch D the brake B ismade to operate by a current passing across the contacts 53 54 andthrough the solenoids b of said brake to a wire 71, which leads throughthe automatic switch-magnet e leaving the same at a contact 72 andconnecting by a Wire 73 back across the contact 69 to the main.

The general construction of the rheostat G and safety-switch H will beunderstood from the figures without detailed description, the leversthereof being held in normal'position by springs s s and the solenoidaction of the rheostat being given quick upward movement by a valve gand slow downward movement by a valve g.

The general details of the automatic reversing-switch will be more fullyunderstood by reference to Figs. 3 and 4, where it will be seen that ina suitable frame e mounted on a shield or cover or of the hoist for thewormgear of the hoist, is journaled a threaded shaft e driven by thehoisting-shaft a by a sprocket chain a, passing over sprocketwheels a 6mounted, respectively, On said shafts. On this, threaded shaft aremounted two traveling insulated nuts or dogs 2 0 held against rotationby any suitable means, as by a rod a passing therethrough and held inthe frame 8 These dogs e e are arranged to cooperate with the knivesorlevers e 6, already mentioned, the former for this purpose having acentral stop 6 and two lateral fingers e 6 so that as the dog a movesfrom the position shown in Fig. 4 to the right it will automaticallyswing the lever e awayfrom the contact 26 and into connection with acentral contact 74, and when the dog 6", moving in the same direction,comes in contact farther to the left against the contact 65. The

knife 6 is provided with a pivoted arm a,

normally held in the position shown by the spring e said arm yieldingfreely to permit the dog c to pass to the right, but being unyielding tomovement in an opposite direction and also has connection by a link 6with a bell-crank e adjustably mounted at e on the frame 6 so that whenthe dog 6 moves to the extreme right after having shifted the knife 6 tothe intermediate contact 7 4 it comes into engagementwith the dependingend of the bell-crank c and thereby through the link 6 raises the knife6' against the action of its spring 5 into connection with the con tact72 and brings the armature e thereof within the attractive power of anelectromagnet c which is located in some active circuit of the system,shown for convenience as in the brake-circuit. The purpose of thisantomatic switch is to accomplish automatically the same object as tostopping that is accomplished manually by the switch-lever d namely,quickly slowing down and stopping the elevator without jar or danger andtherefore I will describe the further operation thereof later inconnection with the general description of the entire invention.

In operation let us suppose that the elevator is at the bottom of itsrun, the parts being in the relative positions shown in the drawings. Inorder to start the elevator, the operator shifts the lever 01 over tothe right, thereby completing connection between the contacts 16 and 14at one end of the lever and 9 and 8 at the other end thereof. Thisinstantly operates the lower portion of the reversing-switch, so as toprovide the proper direction of current for the armature, and thereuponthe main switch D is closed by the operation of the rheostat andcontacts 48 49, (in the form shown in Fig. 1,) so that the main currentis passed through the armature, said main current being governed by there sistance of the rheostat, which is then in se ries withit. -At thesame time both windings c c of the field of the motor are energized totheir maximum strength. The result is that the motor has its maximumpower at the very start. As, however, the fieldwinding 0 and thesolenoid-winding of the rheostat (whose energizing controls the positionof the rheostat-arm 9 are in parallel circuits with the startingresistance of the rheostat and are in series with the armature of themotor, it follows that as the armature begins to increase in speed itscounter electromotive force weakens said circuits and permits thecontact-arm of-the rheostat to lower, cutting out the resistance andalso practically cutting out the field-Winding c 60 thus quicklyaccelerating the speed of the motor.

Because of the windings and con- ;nections, as stated, the field-windingc and solenoid-winding g, being in parallel with the A 'esistance and inseries with the armature, ajf the strength of current in said circuitsisdue to the difference of potential caused by the starting resistanceand is directlyinfiuenced by the varying potential due to the counterelectromotive force in the armature-circuit, but is independent of thestrength of current in said armaturecircuit. In otherwords, the rate ofvariation is dependent. on the rate of acceleration of the motor and isthus selfregulating. The speed will quickly increase to a maximum, atwhich point the current in the two series circuits, which include thefield-winding c and the solenoid g, becomes zero, andthe motor willunder these conditions run at a uniform maximum speed independent of itsload until the circuits are again altered. When the car approaches alanding at which it is desired to stop, the operator shifts the lever dto the contact 6. This leaves the reversing-switch and the main circuitsas before, but renders the circuits active or increases the currentsthereinin the field circuit 0 the rheostat solenoid-circuit therebyintroducing resistance into the armaturecircuit and at the same timestrengthening the field, and hence rapidly decreasing the speed of themotor, whereupon a further movement of the lever 61 to its centralposition serves to open the switches F and D, which cuts out all currentfrom the mo tor and permits the brake B to operate. It is to be notedthat these operations are entirel y independent of the load-that is tosay, they operate the same whether the car is empty or is carrying itsmaximum load-because the circuits which include the fieldwinding 0 andsolenoid g are thrown directly across the mains, the movement of thelever d from the contact 8 to the contact 6 cutting out the wire 32,which served to connect the winding 0 and solenoid g in series with thearmature, and making direct connection by means of the wire 31, contact9, contacts 6 and 5 to the main 2. cuiting the'armature as the lever dpasses from contact 8 to contact 6, I provide an intermediate contact 7and resistance r. Said short-circuiting would take place from the main'lacross the switch D by the wire 55, While the machine is running withthe rheostat-arm g in the position shown, by current from the wires 56 I36 through the switch E, and wire 3-:t, switch H, wire 32, and contacts8 and 6 brought into short-circuiting relation by the passage of thebrush d as the latter moves from one to the other and thence to the mainby contact 5. By inserting the re sistance r the tendency of the currentto flow through this otherwise direct path is prevented, and the currentis caused to continue along its proper circuit through the armature.provision of this intermediate contact 7 and resistance r is that itmakes it impossible for the field-circuit c and the solenoid-circuit gor either of them to be opened when the switch-lever 01 passes from itsposition on contact 8 to its position on contact 6,which would cause thesudden weakening of the field, and by cutting out the resistance 9 wouldper- To prevent short-cir- Another important advantage of the mit anabnormal and perhaps destructive current to pass through the armature.This is prevented by'placing the intermediate contact 7 and resistance1" between the contacts 6 and 8, so that a continuous circuit isinsured.This is also of service, if desired, for providing an intermediate fieldstrength or speed reduction, as by stopping the lever cl on the contact7 the resistance 1" is introduced, permitting some current to flowthrough the field-winding 0 but not a maximum current, as is the casewhen the lever 61 has moved to the contact 6.

The provision for effectually slowing down and stopping the elevatorwithout shock independently of the load is practically very important.Various electrical arrangements have been used, the most commondepending upon the strength of the current in the armature-circuit,introducing a starting resistance, together with a coarse seriesfieldwinding in series with the main armaturecircuit, which are cut outfor speed and cut in for slowing down; but such construction isobviously dependent upon the load, because the strength in said seriesfield circuit is dependent upon the current in the armaturecircuit, andas the current in the armature varies as the load it follows that withan exceedingly heavy load in descending there would. be practically noarmature-current, so that the cutting in of the series field wouldsimply introduce a zero quantity and accomplish nothing, and so likewisethe introducing of the resistance under such circumstances isineffective,because there is no appreciable current flowing in itscircuit. Also my construction is of like advantage over the usualfriction-brake,which is likewise dependent on the load for its action,because if the brake is adjusted to positively stop the elevator it willwith a light load, cause injurious shock to the machinery and passengersby stopping the elevator too suddenly, and with a heavy load it willslip more or less. All these objections are obviated by my invention,because whatever varying of the armature-current may be caused byvarying loads does not in any way interfere with myobtaining full fieldstrength simply by shifting the lever cl from the contact 8 to thecontact 6, and this is supplemented by the efiect of the resistance g onwhatever current may be passing through the armature-circuit.

Upon approaching the end of the travel the operator may stop theelevator by means of the hand-lever d, as just explained; but in case heneglects to do so the automatic switch E will do it automatically byreason of the engagement of the dogs 6 c with the respective lugs, asalready explained, this taking place at apredetermined point in thetravel, according to the position to which said dogs are respectivelyadjusted on the shaft 6 If the elevator is ascending, the dog e firstengages the bell-crank c and shifts the knife 6 upwardly, Fig. 4, to thecontact 72, thereby shifting the circuit, including the wire 34, contact33, wires 32 31, and winding 0 (and. also wire 29 of thesolenoid-circuit) into circuit with wire 73, contacts 69 70, arm (Z andwire 46 to main 2, and then the dog 6 engages the lug e" and shifts thelever e to the left from its intermediate contact 74 to the contact 65,thereby breaking the circuit of the switch D-viz., wire 52 solenoid (1wires 28 27, lever 6, contact 74, wire 75, contacts 12, 15, d 16, andthence to main 1. The first operation accomplishes the reduction ofspeed by introducing the full field strength by connecting thefieldwinding 0 and also the solenoid-circuit g directly across themains, and the second operation (shifting the circuit from 74 toaccomplishes the stopping by breaking the switch-circuit D, permittingthe brake B to operate. To maintain effective the speed-reductionpositions until the elevator is stopped, I have provided the knife cwith an armature 8 by which it is held under the influence of theelectromagnet e against the contact 72 until the circuits are broken bythe movement of the knife 6 to stopping position, (at the left handgoing up and right hand going down.) As soon as the main circuits arebroken for stopping the elevator the knife e is permitted to fall awayfrom the contact 72 to the contact 35 again, thereby restoring thecircuits of the field, winding 0 and solenoid g to their originalpositions, so that the elevator may again start with maximum power andquickly accelerate its speed. In other words, the provision of means forrestoring the knife 6 to the contact 35 immediately upon the stopping ofthe elevator makes it certain that the subsequent starting of theelevator will invariably take place under the same advantageousconditions of power and speed. The transfer of the circuit from thecontact 74 to the contact 65 (or when approaching the bottom contact 26)opens the circuit at that time closed by the lever d in its right-handposition and containing the car-switch contacts 16, 15, and 14, saidcircuit also including the main-switch magnet d so that thereafter thehand-lever d can only be moved operatively to start the elevator in theright direction-2 e, the only starting-circuit it can complete is theone containing the contacts 10 12 13, as the opposite circuit is stillbroken by the switch-lever e. When the elevator is next started, itwill, as explained, be obliged to start in the right direction, and thefirst movement will start the dogs a e traveling in a reverse direction,the dog e immediately shifting the knife e again to its intermediatecontact 74. By this construction it results that the elevator may bestarted by the handlever cl in either direction between the limits oftravel, as the Wire 75, which leads from the contact 74, is connecteddirectly to both of the;

contacts 12 and 15, the contacts 10 and 16 be IIO ing similarlyconnected, so that the circuit is closed by the movement of the leverdin either direction.

I have already explained the construction by which it becomes impossibleto start the elevator in the wrong direction at either limit of itstravel, and in this connection I wish to point out that in my invention,where the entire system is electrically operated, it becomes importantto make not'only such provision as that just referred to, but to makeother provisions, which I will now describe.

If for any cause dangerously-excessive armature-current becomes present,the safetyswitch H by the energizing of its solenoid h will be operated,shifting the lever h from the contact 33 to the contact 76, therebythrowing the field-coil c and rheostat-solenoid g directly acrossthemains by the wires 31 32, switch-lever 72, contact 76, wire 68,contacts 69 and 70, and wire 46, thus increasing the fieldand consequentpower of the motor and introducing resistance 9 into the armaturecircuitand cutting the current down within safety limits. It will be understoodthat here, as elsewhere,l describe the more com plete and preferredmeans of accomplishing my purpose, the purpose being to keep current within safety limits, and the inost'complete means of doing it consistingin both increasing the field magnetization and consequenttorque of thearmature and decreasing the armaturecnrrent, although either may be usedalone with good effect. \Vhen the armature'current falls sufficiently,the solenoid 71 will permit the switch-lever h to be restored to thecontact 33 again.

Another danger which is possible with circuits arranged according to myinvention is the short-circuiting of the armature-circuit by thesimultaneous closing of both portions of the reversing-switch F, and toprevent this I have connected the solenoids ff, respectively, in serieswith a contact-maker operated by the other part of said switch, thesolenoidfbeing connected by a wire 18 with a contact-maker 21 of theopposite part of the switch, and on the other hand the solenoid f beingconnected bya wire 77 with acontactmaker 78 of the lower part of theswitch, both of these contact-makers 21 and 78 making their circuitswhen the circuits controlled by the reversing-switch are broken. By thisprovision it is evident that when either part of the reversing-switch isoperated it thereby breaks the circuit of the solenoid of the oppositepart of the switch, so that said solenoid part cannot be operated.

As already remarked, the main switch D does not operate until therheostat-lever g has been'put in position forincluding the resistance inthe armature-circuit, as otherwise the armaturecircuit might becompleted by the operation of the switch D before any resistancewasincluded and with disastrous reits. Iaccomplishthisproperorderofoperation of the said switch and rheostat by innal 51 a resistance 79,which prevents current passing thereover to the solenoid (I insufficient quantity to operate the switch D, the main body ofthe currentpassing through the solenoid g, therebyintrod ucing the resistance 9before the operation of the switch-solenoid d said operation beingeffected on the making of the circuit at 48 49 by the raising of therheostat-arm 9 When once raised, however, the core d of the switch Dwill be held raised by the weak current which is permitted to passthrough the resistance 79 after the main energizing-current thereof hasbeen cut off by the separation of the contacts 48 49.

By reason of the provisions thus'far explained it will be evident tothose skilled in the art that my system is entirely electrical, andalthough the elevator is under the control of the operator by means ofthe hand-lever d it is yet independentof said operator to the extentthat no disastrous results can follow his inattention or lack of skill.

Usually the hand-lever (I will be located in the elevator-car, asindicated in Fig. 2; but I do not restrict myself in this respect, assaid, lever is primarily a manual controller and may be operated eitherdirectly in the car or from the car or inany other location and by anysuitable means. For instance, in Fig. 5 lhave shown a modifiedconstruction in which the controlling-lever is located at thehoisting-drum, being operated therefrom by a hand-rope is, passing oversuitable directionpulleys to a wheel k carrying a pinion it in mesh withthe toothed sector or arm is, fast on a shaft lei-which carries theswitching device corresponding to the hand-lever d.

In this construction, however, I haveintroduced certain furtherfeatures, and at this point I wish to remark that I do not restrictmyself toall the constructional details and various arrangements ofmypreferred embodiment; but, as will be'more evident from the subsequentclaims, my invention is capable of varied applications.

WVhile the construction shown in Fig. l is the most complete andsatisfactory, especially for high-class work,-I do not restrict myinvention and claims thereto, and, in fact, certain features of myinvention are of importance outside of elevater-work-as, for example,the eileciive slowing down and stopping arrangement, as also theeffective starting and accelerating, the various automatic arrangements,and provisions for safety.

Referring again to Fig. 5, it will be seen that I have provided aswitch-lever having an arm is and a double arm k 1: independentlypivoted on the shaft 7c, the upper arm performing precisely the sameoperations as the upper portion of the lever (l and the lower armsperforming the same operations as the reversing-switch F and srarting-switch D, as I will now explain. The arm 70 extends between thebranches of the double arm 70 70 and is adapted to engage and move theterposing between the'wire 2S and the termilatter after securing acertain degree of lost motion, as will be presently explained. Uponmoving the lever 712 over to the rightin order to start the elevator up(by pulling down on the rope is) the part makes connection be tween thecontacts and 81, and the part 70 makes simultaneous connection betweenthe contacts 82 83, which movement operates to switch the main currentthrough the armature, the resistance of the rheostat and the winding 0of the field having been already inserted by the connection between thecontacts 0 and 6 made by the arm 70, it being observed that I haveprovided means for obtaining a lost motion between the movement of k andthe two-armed lever 70 The lost motion permits the upper contacts to bebrought into action priorto the lower contacts. The circuits are made bythe said movement of the arm k and 70 as follows: For starting theelevator up the main line 1 connects with the contact 80 through thewire 56, resistance g arm g and wire 55, and from said contact 80through the arm 70 the circuit continues from the contact 81 by a wire84 lo a contact 85 and wire 41 to the armature and from the armature bywire 42 through switch II to contact 82, which connects by arm 70 tocontact 83, and thence by wire 86 to contact 87, which connects by wire88 to the main line 2. For stopping, the movement of the rope 7r, isreversed-11. 0., pulled upthereby moving the arm 70 to the left intocontact with 6 and 0, which increases the field strength by introducingthe winding 0 and the solenoid g across the mains and throws theresistance g into series with the armature, thus slowing down theelevator, and a further movement of the rope is engages the lower end oflever 70 with it thereby breaking the connections between 70 anditscontacts 80 81 and the connections between 70 and its contacts 82 83,thus opening the main circuit, applying the brake, and stopping theelevator. \Vhen it is desired to start the elevator down, the rope 7c israised, thereby turning the lever 70 over to the left and the levers k70 to the right, thereby throwing the main line 1 again in the circuitby a contact 89, which connects by a wire 90 with the contact 80, andthence to the main line 1, the same as before. The contact 89 is joinedby the arm k to a con: tact 91, which connects by a wire 92 to contact82, from which the current passes over the wire 42 through the armaturein a direction opposite to its previous course, and from its armature itis conducted by Wire 41 to contact 85, which is now connected by arm kto contact 87, and thence by wire 88 to the main line 2. In thismodified form of myinvent-ion Ihave also shown an automatic automaticalswitch. (See Figs. 5 and 7.) The wheel 10 and its pinion k are mountedloosely on a hoisting-shaft M, which has a threaded end k projectingbeyond said wheel and provided with two stops 70 7e fast on the shaft.Be-

tween the stops 70 is a traveling Hut 75 held against rotation by aguide shown in the form a of a yoke 7a, the result being that when thenut has reached the end of its travel, which corresponds to the limit oftravel of the elevator, it engages with one or the other of the stops 7670 as the case may be, and is compelled thereby to rotate with theshaft, and through its connection with the guide 70 said nut turns thewheel k and its pinion 70 therebyvoperating the switch, whose arm 70first makes connection between contacts 9 and 6 or 9 and 5, passing overthe intermediate contacts 7 or 4:.

As thus far explained, the cutting out of the resistance of the rheostatis dependent upon the counter electromotive force of the armature; butfor some purposes it is desirable to have it controlled directly by thestarting and stopping mechanism, one form thereof being shown in Fig. 6,where it will be observed that in addition to the contacts shown in-Fig. 1 I provide contacts 101, connected to each other bya wire 102 andat one side of the solenoid g by a wire 103, a solenoid being connectedto the main 2 by wire 101. In this case the automatic switch E isprovided with a special contact .72 for breaking the circuit of thesolenoid g at the proper time, so as to permit the core g to fall andintroduce the resistance 9 into the armature-circuit, and for thispurpose the wire 103 connects to a pivoted contact 72, normally inengagement with a fixed contact 105, so that upon the automatic movementof the knife 6 away from the contact 35 it engages the contact 72 andswings the same out of connection with the contact 105, thereby breakingthe solenoid-circuit, as required.

It will be understood that many other modifications are possible withinthe spirit and scope of my invention and that while I have shown ageneral form of magnetic controller I- do not intend in any wise tolimit myself thereto, excepting as may be expressed in certain of theclaims. It will also be understood, for example, that while theapparatus is described as being operated by closed circuits I use thisexpression in the claims in the customary manner, meaning merely thatthe particular circuit is placed in an operative condition.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus of the kind described, a shunt-motor having itsfield-winding in two sections in shunt across the mains, and means forthrowing one part of said winding in series with the armature foraccelerating the speed of the motor.

2. In an apparatus of thekind described, a motor having a doublefield-winding,means for connecting both parts of said winding across themains for giving power, and means for connecting one part of saidWinding in series with the armature for giving speed.

3. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, a resistance, anelectric circuit for operating said resistance, and means for throwingsaid circuit into and out of series with the armature.

4. In an apparatus of the kind described, a resistance, anactuating-circuit therefor, a motor having a double field-winding inshunt across the mains,and means for throwing part with said armatureand in parallel withsaid resistance.

6. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field -and armaturecircuits for operating the same, means fofivarying the strength of saidfield-circuit, including means for instantly raising the same from aminimum operating strength to a maximum strengthindependent of the load.

7. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits for operating the same, means for varying, the strength ofsaidfield-circuit, including means for instantly raising the same from aminimum operating strength to a maximum strength independent of theload, and means for simultaneously weakening the armaturecircuit. V

8. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits for operating the same, means for varying the strength of saidfield-circuit, including means forinstantlyraising the same fromaminimumoperating strength to a maximum strength independent of the load, meansfor simultaneously weakening the armaturecircuit,.and means immediatelythereafter to cut out the supply-circuit and stop the motor.

J. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits for operating the same, and means for varying the strength ofsaid field-circuit,inclu ding auto matic means for instantly raisingsaid fieldcircuit from a minimum operating strength to a maximumstrength independent of the load. 7

10. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits foroperating the same,meaus for varying the strength of saidfield-circuit, including means for instantly raising the same from aminimum operating strength to a maximum strength in dependent of theload, and automatic means for simultaneously weakening thearmaturecircuit.

11. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits for operating the same,means for varying the strength of saidfield circuit, including automatic means for instantly raising saidfield-circuit from a minimum operating strength to a maximum strengthindependent of the load, and automatic means for simultaneouslyweakening the armature-circuit.

12. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, having field andarmature circuits, a resistance adapted to be included in thearmature-circuit, actuating mechanism therefor, a main switchcontrolling said armaturecircuit, and means for operating said actuatingmechanism to bring said resistance into the circuit of said armatureprior to the 010s ing of said main switch.

13. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, having field andarmature circuits, a resistance adapted to be included in thearmature-circuit, actuating mechanism therefor, a main switchcontrolling said armaturecircuit, and an actuating circuit for said mainswitch, said switch-actuating circuit being rendered operative by themovement of said resistance-actuating means.

14. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a resistance adapted to be included in said armaturecircuit, actuating means for rendering said resistance operative in saidcircuit, a main switch for controlling said armaturecircuit, means foroperating saidswitch', said switch being moved to closed position by theoperation of said resistance-actuating means.

15. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a resistance adapted to be included in saidarmature-circuit, actuating means for rendering said resistanceoperati-vein said circuit, a main switch for controlling saidarmaturecircuit, an actuating-circuit for said switch, saidswitch-circuit being normally open, and means operated by saidresistance-actuating means for closing said switch-circuit.

16. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a resistance adapted to be included in saidarmature-circuit, actuating means for rendering said resistanceoperative-in said circuit, a main switch for controlling saidarmaturecircuit, an actuating-circuit for said switch, said switchcircuit being normally open, means operated by said resistance-actuatingmeans for closing said switchcircuit, and means independent of saidactuating-circuit for maintaining said switch closed.

17. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a resistance adapted to be included in saidarmature-circuit,actuating means forrendering said resistance operativeinsaid circuit, a main switch for; controlling said armaturecircnit, anactuating-circuitforsupplying full current strength for operating saidswitch, said circuit being normally inoperative for said purpose, aresistance in shunt across said switch-circuit to the switch, saidcircuit being rendered operative to close said switch by the movement ofsaid resistance-actuating means,and current through said shuntresistance maintaining said switch in closed position thereafter.

18. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, an electric reversing-switch for reversing thedirection of travel of the car or object moved, the reversing-switchcircuit, automatic means for maintaining said armature-circuit operativefor either direction of reversal between certain fixed limits of saidtravel, and automatic means for rendering said armature-circuitinoperative beyond said limits.

19. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a reversing-switch for reversing the direction ofcurrent in said armature-circuit for changing the direction of travel ofthe car or body moved, and an automatic switch governing thearmature-circuit, said switch including a contact and circuit forcompleting the armature-circuit in either position of saidreversing-switch, and mechanism actuated at certain fixed limits of saidtravel to break connection with said contact.

20. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, a reversing-switch for reversing the direction ofcurrent in said armature-circuit for changing the direction of travel ofthe car or body moved, and an automatic switch governing thearmature-circuit, said switch including three contacts and circuits, onefor completing the armature-circuit in either position of saidreversing-switch, the second for completing said armature-circuit in oneposition of said reversing-switch, and the third for completing saidarmature-circuit in the other position of said reversing-switch, andmechanism actnated'at certain fixed limits of said travel to breakconnection with said first contact and make connection with one of theother contacts according to the direction of said travel.

21. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, an electric reversing-switch for reversing thedirection of travel of the car or object moved, an operating circuit forsaid reversing-switch, a controlling device therefor, a main'switch forthe armatu re-circuit, a main-switch-operating circuit included in thecircuit of said controlling device, an automatic switch having a contactalso in said main-switeh-operating circuit, said automatic switchincluding operating mechanism'actuated at certain fixed limits of saidtravel to break connection with said contact.

22. In an-apparatus of the kind described, a motor, field and armaturecircuits therefor, an electric reversing-switch for said motor, and anautomatic switch controlled by the motor, said automatic switchincluding an intermediate circuit controlling the currentsupply for saidarmature-circuit, said automatic switch, excepting at the limits of itsmovement, being in a position to complete said intermediate circuit,permitting the flow of current in the armature-circnit in eitherposition of said electric reversing-switch, said reversingswitch havingtwo movable portions, each having its own actuating-circuit, each ofsaid actuating-circuits being in series with a movable part of the otherportion of the revei-singswitch, the movable part of one portion of theswitch breaking the actuatingeircuit of the opposite portion of theswitch when the first-mentioned portion is in closed position.

23. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having a doublefield-Winding and an armature-Winding, a safety-switch normallyconnecting one of said field-windings in series with the armature, saidswitch being actuated by the armature-current and responding to abnormalarmature-current to transfer its field-winding from in series with saidarmature to a circuit across the mains.

2i. In an apparatus of the kind described,

a motor having a double field-Winding, and

an armature-winding, a resistance, a safetyswitch, normally connectingone of said fieldwindings in. series with the armature, said switchbeing actuated by the armature-current and responding to abnormalarmatureeurrent to transfer its field-winding to'a circuit across themains and to place said resistance in series with the armature.

25. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having a doublefield-winding and an armature-winding, one of said field-Windings beingtransferable into and out of series I with the armature, and the otherfield-winding being across the mains, and an automatic switch containingmeans for automatically transferring said field-winding from series withthe armature to a circuit across the mains, and means for maintainingthe latter condition until the motor is stopped.

26. In an apparatus ofthe kind described, a motor having a doublefield-winding and an armature-winding, a circuit for one of saidfield-windings in series with the armature,

and the other field-winding being in circuit across the mains, amanually-operated switch for said first-mentioned field-winding, and anautomatic switch containing means for automatically transferring saidfirst-mentioned field-Winding from series with the armature to a circuitacross the mains, and means for maintaining the latter condition untilthe motor is stopped, the automatic switch, after the motoris stopped,restoring the said transferred field-winding to its original seriesconnection permitting thereby the rapid acceleration of the motor uponthe proper movement of the manually-operated switch.

27. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having a doublefield-winding and an armature-Winding, one of said field-windings beingtransferable into and out of series with the armature, and the otherfield-Winding being across the mains, an automatic switch cohtainingmeans" for automatically transferring said field-winding from serieswith'the armature to a circuit across the winding in a circuit acrossthe mains until the brake has operated.

28. In an apparatus of the kind described,

.a motor, slowing-down mechanism, and stopping mechanism, an automaticswitch controlling the operation of said slowing-down mechanism and ofsaid stopping mechanism,

and means for maintaining said switch in position for operating saidslowing-down mechanism until said stopping mechanism has operated.

, 29. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having field andarmature windings, an automatic stop-switch controlling said windings, abrake, the action of said brake being controlled by the operation ofsaid switch, and automatic means for maintaining said switch in stoppingposition until the brake has been actuated to stop the elevator.

30. In an apparatus of thekind described, a motor having field andarmature windings, a stop-switch controlling said windings, a brake, theaction of said brake being controlled by the operation of said switch,and automatic means for maintaining said switch in stopping positionuntil the brake has been actuated to stop the elevator.

31. In an apparatus of the kind described,

- a motor having an armature-winding, and a field-winding transferableinto series with the armature and out of series therewith into a circuitacross the mains, a switch for transferring said field-winding, andmeans for preventing the short-circuiting of the armature across themains by the movement of the switch in transferring said field-circuit.

32. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field-winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewith into a circuit across the mains, aswitch for transferring said fieldwinding, and means for maintainingcontinuous current in the field while said transfer is taking place.

.33. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field -winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewithinto a circuit across the mains, aswitch for transferring said field-winding, said switch being providedwith proper contacts for said trans fer, an intermediate contact, and aresistance between said contact and the main.

34. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field -winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewith into a circuit across the mains, aswitch for transferring said field-winding, said switch being providedwith proper contacts and a contactmaker for said transfer, and means forpreventing the opening of the circuit by the .passage ofthe'contact-maker of the switch from one of said contacts to the other.

35. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field-winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewith into a circuit across the mainsthereby providing different field strengths, and means for introducingan intermediate field strength.

36. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field-winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewith into a circuit across the mainsthereby providing difierent field strengths, and mechanism forintroducing an intermediate field strength during the transfer of saidfield-winding from one circuit to the other.

37. In an apparatus of the kind described, a motor having anarmature-winding, and a field-winding transferable into series with thearmature and out of series therewith into a circuit across the mainsthereby providing different field strengths, a switch'for making saidtransfer, and means for obtaining an intermediate field strength, saidmeans being introduced into the field by the movement of said switchbetween the transfer of said fieldwinding from one circuit to the other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH W. MOORE.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. MAXWELL, WILHELMINA O. HEUSER.

